Legal Implications of Land Conversion for Mining Activities on Community Land Rights

Land conversion for mining activities is a phenomenon that significantly impacts community land rights, especially for groups that depend on land for their livelihoods and cultural identity. In Indonesia, land conversion for mining purposes often gives rise to legal conflicts between land rights holders and mining companies that obtain permits from the government. Various regulations governing mining and land, such as the Basic Agrarian Law and the Law on Minerals and Coal (Minerba), serve as the legal basis for the land conversion process. However, in their implementation, there are overlapping regulations and legal gaps that have the potential to harm communities, particularly in protecting their land rights. This study aims to analyze legal regulations related to land conversion for mining and identify their legal implications for community land rights. Furthermore, this study also seeks to explore the forms of legal protection that can be provided to affected communities. The normative juridical technique, which looks at laws and regulations, legal theory, and legal principles related to land conversion and land rights, is the methodology employed in this study. Primary legal documents, such as international and national laws, as well as secondary legal materials, such as scholarly publications, legal literature, and the views of legal experts, make up the study's data sources. Applying a normative legal approach, this study focuses on conceptual and normative analysis of applicable legal provisions. Furthermore, this study also examines legal principles that can serve as a basis for formulating fairer and more sustainable policies in land management for mining. It is anticipated that the study's findings would help shape laws that better uphold communal land rights and reduce the likelihood of protracted agrarian strife.