Evaluation of Changes in Patient Data Protection Regulations and Legal Obligations of Radiologists in The Era of Health Service Digitalization

The digital transformation in the healthcare sector has transformed the way patient data is managed, including in radiology, which now relies on electronic systems such as the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). This change has created an urgent need for regulations capable of protecting medical data from potential leaks and misuse. This study aims to evaluate changes in patient data protection regulations and examine the legal obligations of radiologists in the era of digital healthcare services. The method used is normative juridical research with a statutory and conceptual approach, utilizing primary legal materials in the form of Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection and Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health, as well as secondary legal materials such as journals, books, and health law doctrine. The analysis shows that both laws have strengthened legal protection for patient data through stricter regulations regarding electronic medical records, data controller obligations, and sanctions for violations of personal data protection. However, the implementation of these regulations still faces technical and normative obstacles, including weak digital infrastructure, lack of legal literacy among medical personnel, and suboptimal inter-agency coordination. Radiologists' legal obligations now extend to the realm of digital ethics, including responsibility for the security of electronic patient data. Regulatory harmonization and strengthening of digital medical data protection policies are needed to ensure legal certainty and maintain public trust in digital healthcare services.